煙草粉蝨（Bemisia tabaci）對七種推薦殺蟲劑的感受性分析

Susceptibility analysis to seven recommended insecticides in the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius.

草粉蝨（Bemisia tabaci Gennadius）是世界性重要的多食性害蟲，對多種殺蟲劑已產生抗藥性。本報告分析台灣中南部四個地區的煙草粉蝨對現行推薦殺蟲劑之感受性，並以協力試驗探討抗藥性產生的可能原因。首先以浸葉法測試九如、旗山、後壁及二水等四個煙草粉蝨族群對培丹（cartap）、阿巴汀（abamectin）、派滅淨（pymetrozine）、賽速安（thiamethoxam）、可尼丁（clothianidin）、賽洛寧（cyhalothrin）與滅賜克（methiocarb）等七種藥劑之感受性，結果顯示除了培丹外，四個地區的煙草粉蝨對其它六種不同類別的殺蟲劑都已產生中度到高度的抗藥性。接著利用不同協力劑分別與阿巴汀、可尼丁、派滅淨、賽洛寧和滅賜克等五種藥劑進行協力測試以確定抗性產生可能的生化機制，結果顯示四個地區的煙草粉蝨對阿巴汀、派滅淨及賽洛寧的抗藥性會因PBO協力劑而顯著降低，因此推測多功能氧化酶（Mixed function oxidase）參與其抗性的產生；而四個地區的煙草粉蝨對滅賜克的抗藥性會因TPP協力劑而顯著降低，因此推測羧酸酯酶（Carboxylesterase）參與其抗性的產生。最後，至於可尼丁的抗藥性則與三大類解毒酵素無關。

"Tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci is an important polyphagous insect pest which has developed resistance to various insecticides worldwide. This study analyzed the susceptibility of recommended insecticides for four populations of B. tabaci in central and southern Taiwan. In addition, the biochemical mechanisms of resistance were explored based on synergism test. First of all, the leaf-dip bioassay was used to test the susceptibility of B. tabaci to cartap, abamectin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, cyhalothrin and methiocarb collected from four areas (Jiuru、Qishan、Houbi and Ershui). The result indicated that these four populations of B. tabaci have developed moderate to high degree of resistances against several chemical classes of insecticide, except to the cartap. Next, each of different synergists was mixed with abamectin, clothianidin, pymetrozine, cyhalothrin, and methiocarb separately to evaluate the possible the biochemical mechanisms for insecticide resistance. The results suggested that the resistance of B. tabaci to abamectin, pymetrozine and cyhalothrin are related to mixed function oxidase which was suppressed by piperonyl butoxide. Carboxylesterase is involved in the resistance of B. tabaci to methiocarb in these tested four populations based on the significant reduction of resistance with use of triphenyl phosphate."