英文摘要 |
"The pesticides, such as thiabendazole, methomyl, ethion, metaxalyl, fenvalerate, methamidophos, chlorpyrifos, chlorothalonil, carbofuran, acephate and carbaryl, with a high residual rate on vegetables and fruits were detected in Taiwan. The effect of these pesticides on the prenatal development of rats was evaluated in this investigation. Our results showed that the body weight of maternal rats was significantly reduced and the liver weight and the liver/body weight ratio were increased in treatment of thiabendazole, methamidophos and chlorpyrifos. Chlorothalonil reduced the weight gain. No significant effects were found on the growth of maternal rats treated with other pesticides. For the reproductive parameters of maternal rats, thiabendazole and ethion significantly decreased the numbers of corpus luteum and implantation sites and the weight of uteri, but increased the loss of post-implantation. No significant effects were observed when treated with other pesticides. Moreover, the effects of the pesticides on the growth of offspring were evaluated. Thiabendazole, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and carbaryl significantly reduced the number of fetuses and fetal weight. No interferences were found in the natality of offspring when treated with other pesticides. All tested pesticides did not induce the abnormalities in external, visceral and skeletal examinations of fetal rats. The no observable adverse effect levels (NOAEL) of systemic toxicity, embryo toxicity, fetal toxicity and teratogenicity were 400, 400, 400 and 600 mg/kg/day for thiabendazole; 9, 9, 9 and 9 mg/kg/day for methomyl; 10, 5, 10 and 10 mg/kg/day for ethion; 90, 90, 90 and 90 mg/kg/day for metalaxyl; 90, 90, 90 and 90 mg/kg/day for fenvalerate; 5, 5, 5 and 5 mg/kg/day for methamidophos; 8, 16, 8 and 16 mg/kg/day for chlorpyrifos; 600, 600, 600 and 600 mg/kg/day for chlorothalonil; 2, 1, 1 and 2 mg/kg/day for carbofuran; 30, 30, 120 and 120 mg/kg/day for acephate; and 80, 20, 20 and 80 mg/kg/day for carbaryl, respectively. We conclude that the eleven pesticides may be not a teratogen, and the effects on the endocrine disrupting activity and developmental neurotoxicity in fetal rats need to be farther investigated." |