論杜國清在《現代文學》、《笠》的譯／介活動──與戰前世代詩人陳千武的交涉與交錯

On Tu Kuo-ching's Translation and Introduction Activities in 'Modern Literature' and Poetry Magazine 'Li': The Interaction and Difference with the Pre-war Generation Poet Chen Chien-Wu

成立於1964年6月的「笠」詩社，同人由戰前世代、戰間世代及戰後世代共同構成。三個世代的登場，壓縮式地交會《笠》的創刊初期，構成了一種跨越世代的同時代性，其間的交涉與交錯，成為一個值得探究的課題。本研究以戰間世代的杜國清於1960～1970年代在《現代文學》及《笠》的譯介活動為主軸，試圖勾勒出他從艾略特接觸西脇順三郎而抵達日本文學、轉進波特萊爾，並於赴美後研究中國文學，並推動《台灣文學英譯叢刊》，透過翻譯將台灣文學帶向世界的過程；並對照同時期第一世代陳千武的活動，從譯介的面向，探究兩人／兩代人的交涉。他們的交涉，並非線性的世代傳承關係，而毋寧是戰前的日本語世代與戰間／戰後中文世代的台大外文系系統兩條不同的文學脈絡，在1960年代台灣的交會、同行與交錯；同時值得注意的是，由於與戰前世代的交涉，也使得杜國清追求現代主義的脈絡、路徑與其後的走向，有別於其他台大外文系系統的《現代文學》同人。

"The 'Li' poetry group which gathered in June 1964, consists of pre-war generation, inter-war generation and post-war generation. These three generations compressively met in the early stage of 'Li', and constituted a synchronicity across generations. Hence interaction and difference among generations becomes a topic worth exploring. This study mainly focuses on the translation and introduction activities by Tu Kuo-ching in 'Modern Literature' and poetry magazine 'Li' in the 1960s-1970s, trying to outline Tu's track of literature interest from T.S. Elliot to Nishiwaki Junzaburō and other Japanese modernism poets, Charles Baudelaire, Chinese classic poet Li He, and finally brought Taiwanese literature to the English world through 'Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series'. Besides, I take pre-war generation poet Chen Chien-Wu as a comparable case, try to find the interaction and difference between two generations by examining their literature and translation works. It is not a linear inheritance relationship between Tu and Chen, but rather two different literary systems, such as the pre-war Japanese language generation and the inter-war/post-war Chinese generation met in the 1960s, walked on the same road shortly and then staggered. It is also worth noting that due to the interaction with the pre-war generation, the context, route and the subsequent direction that Tu pursued modernism is different from other members of the 'Modern Literature' group."