儀式文本與經書之獨立性與相互關連性：以《十二宗徒訓誨錄》與《撒羅滿讚歌》為個案

Independence and Interrelatedness of Ritual Texts and the Scriptures: A Case Study on the Didache and the Odes of Solomon

儀式文本與經書在宗教歷史中常是相互關連的。本文聚焦古代基督徒儀式文本《十二宗徒訓誨錄》與《撒羅滿讚歌》，分析這它們在儀式文本與經書的獨立性與相互關連性方面的重要性。經書是指希伯來經書與後來被承認為經書的新約作品。這兩部作品不僅保留了親炙耶穌之首代基督徒們的教導，更見證了公元1、2世紀教會領袖為了建立基督徒團體的努力：將儀式施行方式與規則明確文字化，與將神啟的屬天詩歌文字化，使聚集的基督信眾在儀式中有所遵循。它們也具有明確教育目的。這兩部作品儘管有濃厚的猶太傳統並且極少使用新約作品的文字，但它們均是基督徒作品，並且與基督徒經書有密切的相互關連性，它們也強化了新約作品的宗徒權威性。

"Ritual texts and scriptures are often interrelated in the history of religion. This paper focuses on the Didache, an ancient Christian ritual text, and the Odes of Solomon to analyze their significance in terms of the independence and interrelation between ritual text and scripture. The latter category of texts refers to both the Hebrew Scriptures and early Christian literature later recognized as the New Testament. These two works not only preserve the teachings of the first generation of Christian disciples, those who were personally taught by Jesus, but even more, they provide evidence of the efforts of the first and second century church leaders at establishing Christian communities. By clearly textualizing methods of ritual practice and their rules (Didache) and recording the divinely-inspired heavenly songs and hymns (Odes of Solomon), church leaders provided Christian believers gathered together with amodel to follow during rituals. The two texts also have explicit pedagogical aims. Although the Didache and the Odes of Solomon reflect strong Jewish traditions and quote little of the New Testament writings, they are both Christian works and display an intimate connection with Christian scriptures. These works also strengthen the apostolic authority of the New Testament writings."