教會組織的團體運作與關係：以桃園市龍潭地區教會人員去留任僱為例

Group Operations and Relationships in Church Organizations: A Study on the Positional Mobility of Church Members in Local Churches in the Longtan District of Taoyuan City

教會組織的團體運作與關係，與教會成員（牧者與信徒）的流動，有著直接或是間接的影響，相關研究至今在臺灣仍屬稀少。本研究即針對教會組織運作進行探討，找出教會在發展過程中，組織內團體運作時有那些關係因素，牧者與信徒之間所發生人員去留任僱的情形，從其中得出其發生原因的重要理論。本研究以桃園市龍潭地區的地方教會作為研究對象，藉著田野調方式與深入訪談法，並運用質性分析軟體NVivo8協助，進行「紮根理論」之資料分析，最後詮釋研究成果，最後得到發生原因之理論。經過資料分析比對之後，得到四個主要層面核心（範疇）：「關係層面」、「教會組織管理層面」、「心靈層面」及「區域性層面」。在各層面核心範圍都有各自的主要因素影響人員的去留。首先，在關係層面裡面，「人員關係的期待與衝突」是影響到教會人員去留的因素；其次在教會組織管理裡面，「組織的型態與聚會模式」是影響到教會人員去留的因素；在心靈層面，「靈命滿足與靈命穩定」更是對教會人員去留具有決定性因素。最後是區域性層面的社會因素「社區文化與區域性發展」，最容易造成教會人員流動的現象。故此，本文認為，教會在考察教會組織的團體運作與關係時，可藉由這四個層面核心做為穩定教會成員的參考指標。

"Group operations and relationships in church organizations have adirect or indirect influence on the flow of church members (pastors and believers); however, research related to this question has been rare in Taiwan. This study is aimed at exploring the operations of church organizations and figuring out the factors that bear upon an organization’s internal operations in the developmental process of achurch and the circumstances among pastors and believers regarding their positional mobility. In doing so, we put forth an important theory about the reasons that impact mobility. The object of this study is the local church in the Longtan district of Taoyuan City. Through fieldwork and in-depth interviews, aided by the qualitative software NVivo8, we undertake a“grounded theory”data analysis. In the end, we interpret the results of the research and offer atheory of the causes for said results. After averification of our data analysis, we find four principal levels or categories at the core of the issue: relationships, management of church organizations, spiritual concerns, and local features. The categories each have their respective major factors that affect the mobility of church members. First, at the level of relationships, expectations and conflicts between members are factors that affect the mobility of church members. Second, in terms of church organization and management, the shape of the organization and the mode of gathering are factors that influence whether members leave or stay in the church. At the level of spiritual concerns, spiritual satisfaction and stability are decisive factors for the mobility of church members. Finally, at the local level, social factors, such as community culture and local development, are circumstances that most easily lead to church member mobility. Therefore, we argue that when achurch is investigating group operations and relationships within its organization, these four major categories can be used as reference indicators for amore stable church membership."