農業直接給付政策下農民土地利用決策之研究

Farmers' Land Use Decision-Making Considering Agricultural Direct Payment Policy

"鼓勵落實農地農耕是我國農業直接給付政策的目標之一；而達成該政策目標的關鍵，在於休耕農民是否會受到直接給付措施之影響而改變農地利用型態。本研究透過問卷蒐集復耕意願資料，並依據理論模型建立復耕稻作及其他作物與風險溢價（risk premium，簡稱RP）之分配，並以該分配進行實證分析。本研究之實證結果顯示，當給付金額為每公頃每期作25,000元，休耕轉稻作及休耕轉其他作物之邊際面積增加百分比將達到最大，分別為0.207%及0.165%，總計約有5.253%之休耕農地會因農業直接給付措施而改變農地利用型態。對非基期年資格農地而言，在農業環境基本給付措施下，給付金額標準為每分地每期作500 元；復耕的累計面積百分比則約為0.046%。本研究認為，農業環境基本給付措施對於鼓勵農地農耕之政策目標可達一定效果。本研究建議，若欲有效的防止農地棄耕及棄耕農地違規使用，政府得斟酌調整提高農業環境基本給付，同時加強查緝，並提高強制拆除地上物的效率，才能有效遏阻違規使用亂象，減緩優良農地的流失，維護我國珍貴的農地資源。"

"Strengthening that farmland used for farming is one of the goals of Taiwan's agricultural direct payment policy. And the key to achieving this policy goal is whether fallow farmers will resume farming due to direct payment measures. This study collects empirical data through questionnaires, and establishes the distribution of re-cultivation of rice and other crops to the risk premium based on economic theory models, and conducts empirical analysis by the distribution. The empirical results of this study point out that when the payment amount is TWD 25,000/ha per cropping season, the marginal area increase in percentage of fallow to rice and fallow to other crops will be the largest (0.207% and 0.165%, respectively). In total, about 5.253% of fallow farmland will resume farming due to direct payment measures. For non-qualified farmland, under the agri-environmental basic payment, the payment amount is set at TWD 5,000/ha per cropping season, the cumulative area percentage of re-cultivation is about 0.046%. This measure may have a certain effect on the policy goal of farmland used for farming, but compared with the potential profits of illegal use of abandoned farmland, the effect of the measure is obviously insufficient. The study recommends that in order to prevent the abandonment and the illegal use, the government should appropriately adjust the direct payment, strengthen investigations, and timely forced removal. This can effectively curb illegal use, slow down the loss of fertile agricultural land, and protect precious farmland resources."