新冠肺炎謠言內容分析之探究

Content analysis of COVID-19 rumors

目標：本研究期能在這波COVID-19疫情期間，提供民眾判讀眾多訊息來源的依據，並避免將錯誤訊息一再轉傳與分享而造成更多誤解。方法：本研究採用內容分析法，以網路上所散布的新冠肺炎（COVID-19）謠言為標的。從「TFC台灣事實查核中心」網站所收集的113則COVID-19謠言作為分析樣本，探討其謠言之內容要素特徵。結果：COVID-19謠言常見的類型以「分化性」謠言最多，謠言所述對象主要是「某一特定行為」及「某種食品／用品」，且大多沒有明確描述發生日期，但一半以上有描述精確地點。謠言主要目的為「注意／警惕」以及「分享新知」，託稱的主要來源則是網路轉載，並且主要以「照片／圖示／影片」及「專家說法」佐證。結論：COVID-19謠言內容分析結果，可作為民眾辨識COVID-19謠言的基本認知， 以強化一般公民辨識假訊息的能力，教導社群媒體使用者，能對訊息傳染病具更正面的態度及回應。（台灣衛誌 2022；41(1)：51-68）

"Objectives: This study provided a basis for the public to evaluate numerous sources of COVID-19 information to mitigate the harm caused by the repeated dissemination and sharing of misinformation. Methods: Content analysis was used to examine the spread of COVID-19 rumors on the Internet. The content characteristics and expressions of 113 COVID-19 rumors collected from the “Taiwan Fact Checking Center” website were used as samples for analysis. Results: The most common type of COVID-19 rumor was “aggressive,” and “a particular behavior” and “specific type of food or appliance” were the most common objects of the rumors. The dates of occurrence were not clearly noted, but the contents of more than half of the rumors were accurately described. The main purposes were primarily “attention/warning” and “sharing new knowledge.” These rumors mostly originated from the Internet, and the rumors were corroborated primarily by “photos/icons/videos” and “experts.” Conclusions: The content analysis results of the COVID-19 rumors could enhance the public’s basic awareness and ability to identify false COVID-19 rumors and to encourage social media users to be more vigilant against the spread of disinformation. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2022;41(1):51-68)"