天賦人權論自洽性之商榷

Discussion on the Self-consistency of the Theory of Natural Rights

發端於啟蒙時期的天賦人權論，在人類法治的歷史上具有革命性的歷史進步意義。但其理論上的自洽性也不容忽視，主要表現在：設定了一個不可證明的“天”的存在，難以契合現代科學理論所要求的嚴謹、精密；將人權理解為超越時空的存在，無視人的主觀能動性，難以證成人權的正當性與合理性；從現代法學理論而言，天賦人權論多少顯得捉襟見肘。因此，需要將人權的來源解說回歸於人之上，通過人的尊嚴來證成人權的固有性、正當性與合理性。

"The theory of natural human rights, which originated from the Enlightenment period, has important revolutionary significance in the history of rule of law. However, its theoretical self-consistency cannot be ignored. It is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the existence of an unprovable ''nature'' is difficult to meet the rigor and precision required by modern science; understanding human rights as being beyond time and space, ignoring human subjective initiative, it is difficult to prove the legitimacy and rationality of human rights; from the perspective of modern legal theory, the theory of natural rights seems to be insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to return the explanation of the source of human rights to human beings, and prove the inherency, legitimacy and rationality of human rights through human dignity."