獨立行政公益訴訟法律規範體系之構建

在訴訟目的、提起主體、受案範圍、舉證責任、訴前程序等方面，行政公益訴訟都與普通行政訴訟有巨大差異。行政公益訴訟雖被置於《行政訴訟法》之中，但後者無法為前者提供一套有效的適用規則。必須在《行政訴訟法》之外另行構建獨立的行政公益訴訟規範體系。主觀訴訟與客觀訴訟之分為構建行政公益訴訟法律規範體系提供了理論基礎。《行政訴訟法》所確定的行政訴訟具有主觀訴訟傾向，以權利救濟為目的；而行政公益訴訟則是典型的客觀訴訟。為此，有必要建立以客觀訴訟為基礎的獨立行政公益訴訟法律規範體系，制定專門的行政公益訴訟法，明確行政公益訴訟特有的內容，對訴前程序進行適度司法化，並建立預防性行政公益訴訟，為行政公益訴訟量身定做法律依據。

"In many aspects, such as the purpose of the lawsuit, the initiating party, the scope of accepting the case, the burden of proof, and the procedure before the lawsuit, public interest administrative litigation is greatly different from ordinary administrative litigation. Although public interest administrative litigation is currently regulated by the Administrative Litigation Law, the latter cannot provide a set of proper rules for the former. Public interest administration litigation has to be based on laws other than the Administrative Litigation Law. The classification of subjective litigation and objective litigation provides the theoretical foundation for the development of the law on public interest administrative litigation. Administrative litigation is a kind of subjective litigation and aims at grievances relief, while public interest administrative litigation is a typical objective litigation. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate the public interest administrative litigation law based on objective litigation, in order to layout special contents of the public interest administrative litigation, to properly judicialize the pre-litigation procedure, and to establish the preventive public interest administrative litigation, so that the legal basis for public interest administrative litigation can be tailor-made."