台灣幼兒園幼兒高度身體活動現況分析之研究

A Study of High Physical Activity Among Taiwanese Young Children in Preschool Settings

身體活動對幼兒的重要性不單只是健康方面的效益，身體活動也可能對幼兒的學習、社會關係和情緒等其他發展領域發揮作用，特別是高度的身體活動。本研究目的在了解台灣幼兒園幼兒高度身體活動之現況。研究參與者為49個班級的757名幼兒。本研究為描述性研究，以觀察法收集2015年9月至2016年1月間幼兒在幼兒園的一日生活作息活動，除了觀察幼兒的身體活動度外，並收集與記錄當下課室活動類型、幼兒主要具體行為、幼兒主要注意目標、幼兒對活動投入度與幼兒情緒狀態等變項資料。以描述性統計分析先獲得研究變項次數分布、平均數、百分比等數據，接著使用交叉表（cross-tabulation）來分析高身體活動度與其他變項之間可能隱藏的關係。整體而言，幼兒的身體活動度偏低。根據研究的結果顯示：1.幼兒的身體活動度偏低，每日平均只有24分鐘高度身體活動。2.幼兒進行戶外活動、規則性遊戲與角色扮演活動時，其高度身體活動是密集的。4.同儕比非社會性對象及教保人員更能激發幼兒高度的身體活動5.高度身體活動常伴隨高學習投入度，並與情緒幸福感聯結。

"Physical activity is not just important for young children because of its health benefits; it may also have a role in other areas of development like learning, social relation and emotion. Particularly high-level physical activity promotes health and wellbeing. The purpose of this descriptive study is to explore high physical activity of young children in Taiwanese preschools. The participants comprised 49 classes and 757 children. We observed children between September 2015 and January 2016. Data collection includes children’s physical activity, classroom activity, children’s activities, children’s objects of attention, level of involvement and emotion. Descriptive statistical analysis is used to obtain data such as the frequency distribution, average, and percentage of the research variables, and then use cross-tabulation to analyze the hidden relationship between high physical activity and other variables. According to the results of the study: 1. Young children's physical activity is low, with an average of only 24 minutes of high physical activity per day. 2. When young children are engaged in outdoor activities, rule play and role play activities, their high level of physical activity is intensive. 4. Peers can promote children's high levels of physical activity more than non-social objects and adults. 5. High levels of physical activity are often accompanied by high learning commitment and are linked to emotional well-being."