青少年靜態行為與身心健康之文獻回顧

A review of sendentary behavior and health in adolescents

緒論：青少年從事靜態行為的時間在近年來逐漸增加，諸如：久坐、滑手機和看電視等。更重要的是，過多的靜態行為對於青少年的身心健康會造成危害，例如：肥胖、心血管疾病和憂鬱症等。然而，目前鮮少研究針對青少年的靜態行為與健康做出整體性的文獻回顧。因此，本研究旨在回顧過去相關主題的系統性文獻回顧或統合分析，以釐清青少年靜態行為與健康的關係。方法：本研究搜尋英文和中文期刊論文電子資料庫，篩選以青少年靜態行為與健康為主題的系統性文獻回顧或統合分析，共篩選出18篇符合條件的回顧性研究。結果：青少年花費過長時間在靜態行為上，尤其是螢幕式靜態行為，對於生理與心理健康皆有負面影響，過長的靜態時間對以下所列的健康項目有負向效益：「心臟、血管與代謝疾病」、「體適能」和「身體組成、過重與肥胖」等，以及「自尊」、「心理幸福感」和「憂鬱」等。針對青少年過長的靜態時間對健康的危害，我們進一步探討其背後可能的生心作用機制，以釐清其對健康危害的原因。結語：青少年從事過多的靜態行為有礙其身心健康。然而，目前良好的研究證據依然十分不足，建議未來研究可增進靜態行為測量的準確性、區分出不同類型的靜態行為，再藉以實驗介入或長期追蹤的研究設計更清楚了解青少年靜態行為對於健康的影響，進而促進青少年的身心健康。

"Introduction: Adolescents spent more time engaging in sedentary behavior in recent years, such as prolonged sitting, using smartphones, and watching TV. More importantly, excessive sedentary time is harmful to adolescent health, for example, resulting in obesity, cardiovascular disease, or depression. However, few studies systematically examined empirical findings of sedentary behavior and health in adolescents. The purpose of current study is to review the past studies of systematic reviews or meta-analyses related to sedentary behavior and health in adolescents, and further, we could have a better understanding. Methods: Several English and Chinese electronic databases were utilized for searching our target articles. Eighteen quantitative studies of systematic reviews or meta-analyses met the criteria for reporting the associations between sedentary behavior and health in adolescents. Results: Adolescents spent increased time in sedentary behavior, especially the screen-based sedentary behavior. Longer sedentary time was associated with more negative impact on both physical and mental health. The harmful effects of sedentary behavior were mostly reported in adolescents on these health indicators:“Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases,”“Fitness,”“Body Composition, Overweight, & Obesity,”“Self-esteem,”“Psychological Well-being,”and“Depression.”Further, we discussed the underlying mechanisms of sedentary behavior to explore the causes of potential harm. Conclusion: Excessive sedentary time could have serious repercussions for adolescent health. However, more evidence-based studies are needed to promote adolescent health. Future research could improve the measure and distinction of sedentary behaviors. In addition, intervention/experiment, longitudinal, or large-scale prospective cohort studies will help better clarify the associations between sedentary behavior and health in adolescents."