為什麼不喜歡國民黨與民進黨？探索臺灣民眾反政黨情緒的來源

Why Do People Dislike Both the KMT and the DPP? Exploring the Sources of Anti-Party Sentiment in Taiwan

儘管國民黨、民進黨長期在臺灣政壇居於主導的地位，但是社會大眾同時對於這兩個主要政黨的不滿也時有所聞。本文的目的在於瞭解臺灣民眾反政黨情緒的成因，過去文獻指出，主要政黨無力回應選民的需求、政黨精英行為或操守的失當，往往構成一國反政黨情緒萌生的兩個主要來源。利用「臺灣選舉與民主化調查」2020年的面訪資料，本研究以政黨與受訪者在特定議題上的立場距離、對政黨處理公共政策能力的評價兩個變數，用來操作化第一個來源；對政治精英的評價、對黨籍國會議員表現的評價兩個變數，則用來操作化第二個來源。在納入人口特徵、政治知識、政黨認同為控制變數後，統計模型結果顯示，民眾在議題上與主要政黨的立場愈遠、對政黨處理問題能力的負面評價愈高、對政治精英的評價愈低、對兩黨立委的表現都不滿意，皆有顯著愈高的相對機率傾向產生反政黨情緒。綜合以上發現，本文所提出解釋臺灣民眾反政黨情緒成因的四項研究假設皆獲得驗證。

"Although the KMT and the DPP have dominated the Taiwanese political arena in the long run, there has been a lastingmass dissatisfaction with both parties. This study attempts to explore the causes of anti-party sentiment in Taiwan. According to the literature, there are two main sources of anti-party sentiment: (1) major parties’unresponsiveness to voters’demands; (2) misbehavior and corruption of party elites. By using the data of Taiwan’s Election & Democratization Study (TEDS) 2020, this study applies four measurements of anti-party sentiment: issue distance and party performance for the first source, and elite behavior and legislature performance for the second source. By controlling for demographic variables, political knowledge, and party identification, statistical models reveal that policy alienation as well as low evaluations for party performance, elite behavior, and legislature performance are related to high anti-party sentiment. In general, the four hypotheses raised by this study are verified by the data of TEDS 2020."