FTA對“一帶一路”沿線國家勞工標準的影響與我國應對策略——以越南2021年《勞動法》為視角

The Impact of FTA on Labour Standards in the Countries along the Belt and Road and China’s Coping Strategies——From the Perspective of Vietnam’s Labour Code 2021

為加快融入全球供應鏈，越南近些年積極推進自由貿易協定的簽署。但是，由發達國家主導的新一代自由貿易協定與勞工標準掛鉤比較明顯，對越南的國內勞工標準提出了更高的要求。為兌現在自由貿易協定中的承諾，越南加快了勞動立法的變革進程。CPTPP和EVFTA的簽署推動了越南于2019年再次修訂《勞動法》，在勞動合同、延長工作時間、女性勞動者保護、結社自由和集體談判權等方面加強了對勞動者的保護。我國政府和企業應從加強風險預警、健全企業用工合規體系、事后積極應對與加強監管三方面，積極回應越南快速提高勞工標準帶來的投資風險，保障''一帶一路''倡議在越南的順利推進。

"In order to accelerate its integration into the global supply chain, Vietnam has been actively participating in the signing of free trade agreements in recent years.However,the new generation of free trade agreements is more clearly linked to labour standards and puts forward higher requirements for Vietnam’s domestic labour standards.To fulfill its commitments under the free trade agreements,Vietnam has accelerated the process of reforming labour legislation.In particular,the signing of CPTPP and EVFTA pushed Vietnam to revise the Labour Code again in 2019. It strengthened workers’protection concerning labour contracts, working hours, female workers,freedom of association,and the right of collective bargaining.In order to cope with the investment risks brought about by the rapid increase of labour standards in Vietnam and ensure the smooth progress of the Belt and Road Initiative in Vietnam,the Chinese government and enterprises should strengthen labour risks’early warning,improve the labour compliance system of enterprises,and actively respond to related disputes."