論應急行政組織的效能原則

The Principle of Effectiveness of Emergency Response Administrative Organization

應對突發公共事件的行政組織效能關系到行政任務履行質量，是組織法治之外另一重不可放棄的價值追求。然而，應急行政組織效能和依法行政原則在憲法秩序下容易發生抵牾。憲法確立了應急行政組織效能的規范基礎，國家保護義務、基本權利對組織規范的放射效應及通過組織規范進行的基本權利保護為應急行政組織效能形塑了憲法面向的解釋框架。應急行政組織效能的提升須在組織法治框架內進行，應符合法律優位、法律保留和法的安定性等原則。突發公共事件的特殊性決定了應急行政組織法的適度韌性。在堅持應急行政一體性的前提下應充分發揮行政單位關系化協調機制的潛能，汲引直接介入權、職務協助、緊急管轄權等媒介，著力實現應急行政組織效能的提升。

"The effectiveness of the agencies in dealing with public emergencies is the key to the performance of public tasks in the area of emergency administration. However, the organizational effectiveness of emergency administration and the rule of law are easily contradicted under the order of constitutionalism. The constitution establishes the normative basis of the organizational effectiveness of emergency administration. The state’s obligation of protection, the radiative effect of fundamental rights on the organizational effectiveness and the protection of fundamental rights through the organizational norms form the interpretation framework of the constitution. The improvement of organizational effectiveness of public emergency response should be carried out within the framework of rule of law, which must meet the basic requirements of law priority, law reservation and law stability. The characteristic of public emergencies determines the appropriate and flexible design of the emergency administrative organisation law. We should adhere to the unity of emergency administration,give full play to the potential of existing administrative unitrelationship coordination mechanism, and introduce new means, such as the right of direct intervention of higher agencies, administrative assistance and emergency jurisdiction, so as to improve the effectiveness of emergency administrative organization."