日治末期住宅庭園平面規劃之研究──以《臺灣並南方向小住宅懸賞圖面集》為分析對象

Planning of the Residential Garden During the Late Japanese Colonization of Taiwan, Based on the Album of Calling for Small Houses in Taiwan and Southern Area

本研究藉由分析1943年出版的《臺灣並南方向小住宅懸賞圖面集》，配合當代庭園相關文獻，探討日治末期臺灣中產階級住宅庭園平面規劃構想上之特徵。由結果可知，設施出現頻率依序為植栽、水池、砂場，洋式庭園類型為最多，和洋併置及日式庭園較少。庭園規劃以反映二次世界大戰體制需求與因應臺灣風土條件為首要之務。其次，在20世紀初期西方現代主義與機能主義的影響下，庭園配置反映出以實用為導向的日本國民庭園構想。二次大戰期間在日本國粹主義及尋求歐美認同等因素下，日本傳統價值受到注目，重視視線及主景的日式庭園也占了小比例。

The objective of this study is to clarify the characteristics of the concepts of the residential garden plan during the late era of the Japanese colonization in Taiwan, based on the analysis of the Album of calling for small houses in Taiwan and Southern Area , which was published in 1943 along with other literature related to gardens. The results show that plants, ponds, and sand traps are the most popular facilities in these gardens. Western-style gardens are more common compared to Japanese-style gardens or those with a combination of both styles. Site conditions and the war strategy adopted are the most important considerations for site and facility plans. Further, under the influence of Western modernism and functionalism in the early-20th century, the garden plan reflects the practical-oriented idea of the Nationalism Garden of Japan. Moreover, during the Second World War, due to factors such as Japanese nationalism and the intention to obtain European and American identity, Japanese traditional values received more attention. However, the Japanese-style gardens that emphasize the view and the main landscape, although few, cannot be ignored.