突破障礙還是創造障礙？社會工作觀點對臺灣智能障礙者性侵害防治服務的省思

Overcoming Obstacles or Creating Obstacles? Reflections on Sexual Assault Prevention and Services for People with Intellectual Disability in Taiwan-From the Perspective of Social Work

本研究目的在探索臺灣智能障礙性侵害防治社會工作的現況與問題，從性侵害防治社工人員的觀點與經驗，了解問題特性、服務現況及困境，並提出解決策略與建議。本研究採取質性研究方法，實地進入臺灣19個縣市性侵害防治中心，透過個別訪談及焦點團體方式蒐集資料。研究結果發現，目前的實務困境包括司法詢問制度忽視智能障礙者的主體性、社工在「保護」與「自主」間的兩難、與身心障礙福利資源合作的問題、保護性服務分工模式造成服務的排擠效應、行政工作與個案服務難以兼顧、究責性環境造成沉重的生存壓力等。因此，本研究建議發展在地培力與諮詢團隊模式，以促進資源整合與合作，並強化對智能障礙者性權利的倡議，期盼喚起學者與社會大眾共同關心此議題，進而推動相關政策與專業的發展。

The purpose of this study is to explore the current situation and problems of sexual assault prevention for people with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan, from the perspectives and experiences of sexual assault prevention social workers, to understand the characteristics of the problem, the latest service development and practical dilemma, as well as make recommendations and solutions. Based on the qualitative approach, this research explores the needs, experiences and opinions of professionals and experts in the field of sexual assault prevention or intellectual disabilities in 19 counties and collect data by individual interviews and focus groups. The study found that the current work dilemmas include the judicial system and forensic interview neglecting the subjectivity of the intellectually disabled, barriers to cooperation between welfare resources, social workers' dilemma between ＂protection＂ and ＂self-determination＂, the crowding out effect of the service due to the division of protective social work services, the difficulty of balancing administrative work with case services and calling to account leading to heavy survival pressure stress. Therefore, this study proposes to develop a local empowerment and consultation team model and strengthen initiatives for sexual rights of people with intellectual disability people. I hope that this study will arouse scholars and the public is concerned about sexual assault prevention for intellectual disabilities, and further promote the development of relevant policies and professions.