時代的抉擇：50年代羅香林居港原因及表述香港的地位

The Choice: Lo Hsiang-lin Settled in Hong Kong and His Interpretation to the Features of Hong Kong after WWII

1949年為近代華人知識階層發展的重要年份，學者已指出1949年為整個中華民族發展的「分水嶺」，也有學者認為1949年「從大歷史角度看，卻成為因緣際會，卻成為華族文化最近一次『南渡』的終點」，「有了一九四九年，我們的世界觀完全不一樣了」、「一九四九年以後有了新臺灣與新香港」、「如果沒有一九四九年，港臺兩地的人民誠然可以減少不少的痛苦，香港不必容忍一波波的逃亡潮，臺灣不必忍受一個流亡政權的白色恐怖統治」。自1949年10月1日中華人民共和國宣佈在中國成立，代表了49年前在中國已建立的國民政府政權正式遷往臺灣，國民政府在臺灣延續中華民國主權及治權。而50年代選擇不留居在中國大陸的知識份子，既有選往定居於海外非華人為主的國家，如遷往歐美等地，也有選居於華人為主的國家及地域，如他們多隨國府遷臺，或選暫居香港，待時而動，以香港為中途站；有些知識份子初以香港為暫居地，終以香港為永久居地，無論那些選擇，均促成香港成為五六十年代東亞地區人才、資金的「集散地」及「避風港」。本文以五六十年代，一位國民黨黨員及與國民政府要員保持密切關係，也因研孫中山生平史事為黨國元老所稱許的羅香林為例，闡述一位國民黨黨員及黨史學者，為甚麼選取離開中國大陸，擇居香港，又居港後，未作遷臺之想，更以香港為終身志業發展的地方。本文也探討羅香林表述香港地位的觀點，既見香港在東亞地區扮演的角色，又從香林洞察香港角色的觀點，更見一位國民黨黨員以香港為永久居住地方的原因。

The year of 1949 marked and symbolized the vital development of modern Chinese intellectuals. Some scholars even suggested this year was the watershed of the development of the entire Chinese race. While some others believed that the political and cultural production mechanism in the 1950s laid the foundations of the literary culture of the second half of the twentieth century.“To look from the macro historical perspective, incidentally, it has become the destination of the most recent south migration of Chinese.”“Because of things happened in 1949, our world perspective no longer remained the same.”“After 1949, there was a new Taiwan and new Hong Kong.”“If events in 1949 never happened, the people in Hong Kong and Taiwan could ease their pain. There would not be a fled in Hong Kong and the Taiwanese would not be suffering from white terrorism.”Since the establishment of People's Republic of China dated on October 1, 1949, the former government representing China before 1949 officially settled in Taiwan to continue its sovereignty and governance. Those decided to leave mainland China in the 1950s, some settled in Europe or the United States where the greatest population was non-Chinese. Some chose to live with major Chinese population by migrating to Taiwan or Hong Kong. Quite a lot of intellectuals moved to Hong Kong temporarily at the beginning but ultimately settled here permanently. Regardless of their choices, contributing Hong Kong to become the center or a haven of intellectuals and capital in the 1950s and 60s. This essay attempts to take Lo Hsiang-lin, a Guomindang member who maintained a close relationship with the Guoming government, as a case study, to state the factors why historical scholars considering leaving mainland China and settling in Hong Kong permanently. Moreover, this essay also aims at exploring Lo's thoughts in terms of role playing in East Asia and status of Hong Kong. From Lo's point of view, hopefully, we understand more about why Guomindang members chose Hong Kong as a permanent living place.