從《管弦樂協奏曲》探討巴爾托克音樂創作的承先啟後

A Research on Bartok's ''Concerto for Orchestra''-His Composition of Carrying on the Heritage and Opening up the Future

1943年10月，巴爾托克在美國紐約州薩拉納克湖（Saranac Lake）旁的安養中心完成《管弦樂協奏曲》（Concerto for Orchestra），這首五個樂章的管弦樂作品，是巴爾托克晚年以完整思維創作的最後一首作品。除了精湛的創作技法，《管弦樂協奏曲》展現了巴洛克時期大協奏曲的概念，以及古典時期重視的樂曲形式和音樂織體，同時體現二十世紀當代的創作語彙和音樂風格，涵蓋不同時期的音樂表現。因此，曾被喻為「巴爾托克的全部」來描述這首作品集大成的成就；有鑑於此，本論文針對《管弦樂協奏曲》個別的面向，探討巴爾托克音樂處理的方式。由於此作品成功地呈現其多元之風格，巴爾托克的《管弦樂協奏曲》已成為當今樂壇最受歡迎的管弦樂作品之一，加上崇高的人文素養以及學者性格的研究精神，成就巴爾托克在二十世紀音樂中無可比擬的音樂地位。

In 1943, Béla Bartók completed his last orchestral work Concerto for Orchestra in a nursing home near Saranac Lake in New York State in the United States. This five-movement work is referred to as the”total Bartók”, a great achievement of Bartók's life. In addition to the exquisite composition techniques, it demonstrates the concept of the Baroque concerto and the emphasis on the form and musical texture of the classical period. At the same time, it reflects the contemporary musical vocabulary and style which cover different periods of music history. The article focuses on composer's composing process.Bartók's Concerto for Orchestra has become one of the most popular orchestral works due to the diverse styles. It establishes the success of Bartók's in the twentieth century music as a true giant.