以創新投入與人才演化之觀點解析台灣工具機產業創新氛圍的形塑

Shaping of the innovation milieu of Taiwan's machine tool industry from the perspective of innovation input and talent evolution

本研究以創新投入及人才演化之觀點，解析台灣工具機產業如何透過在地生產網絡形塑有利於創新的氛圍。為了描繪人才於創新過程中扮演的重要角色，本研究一方面將人力資源管理新增至本研究調查產業創新投入演化的問卷當中，另方面亦透過敘述性統計分析，解析我國工具機產業的人才演化情形。又考量至工具機產業於中部區域形成綿密的外包網絡，得以享有非符碼化快速流動之優勢，本研究運用深度訪談法，解析其如何運用在地生產網絡型塑創新氛圍。本研究發現，隨著工具機產業的發展，其對於研發、技術與人力資源管理層面的創新投入，皆呈現增加趨勢，尤其是在近年來格外著重於研發的層面。而整個產業的人力資源水平，也隨創新投入的轉變有所提升，且人才在其中扮演知識接收者與傳遞者的關鍵要角。我國工具機產業內中心廠與協力廠的互動，是其能形成創新氛圍的關鍵，近年來，協力廠更是逐漸由起初的輔助者，轉變成能夠率先轉變創新投入的主要角色。國際趨勢的轉變與市場隱憂、外在衝擊，與政府政策及公共研發機構，是促使工具機產業創新投入轉變的影響因素。

Based on the perspective of innovation input and talent evolution, this research analyzes how Taiwan's machine tool industry has shaped an innovation milieu through local production networks. In order to describe the important role that talents play in the innovation process, this study adds human resource management to the questionnaire surveying the evolution of industrial innovation input on the one hand, and analyzes the evolution of talents of Taiwan's machine tool industry through narrative statistical analysis on the other hand. Considering that the machine tool industry has formed a dense outsourcing network in the central region, this study uses in-depth interviews to analyze how it can be used in local production networks to shape an innovative milieu. We found that with the development of the machine tool industry, its input in R&D, technology, and human resource management has shown an increasing trend, especially in recent years that have focused on R&D. The level of talent in the entire industry has also improved with the transformation of innovation input, and talents play a key role in the receivers and transmitters of knowledge. The interaction between the central plants and the co-factory is the key to its ability to form an innovative milieu. In recent years, the co-factory has gradually transformed from an initial supporter to a major role that can take the lead in transforming innovation input. Changes in international trends, market concerns, external shocks, government policies and public R&D institutions are the influencing factors that promote the transformation of input in the machine tool industry.