從超越到人性的超越   全文下載

From Transcendence to Transcendence in Human

作為西方哲學的重要主題，與生命相對立的超越揭示了死亡在西方哲學傳統中是個不可忽略的議題。在蘇格拉底的死亡之後，他的靈魂獲得了永生，此脫離了身體羈絆的靈魂在超越中見證了哲學的真理。然而，置真理於生命的界域之外正揭示了蘇格拉底以哲學對反生命的意圖。藉著否定生命，蘇格拉底朝向真理，正意謂著推卸其生存之責。我們的研究由這些主題展開，旨在反省西方哲學如何面對死亡與生命的關係。並展示萊維納斯如何藉著連接超越與生命而化解身體與死亡的對立關係。

As an important subject of Western philosophy， the transcendence opposing to life discovers that death is a significant theme in the tradition of Western philosophy. After the death of Socrates， his spirit surly becomes eternity， the spirit breaking away from the fetter of the body proves the truth of philosophy in the transcendence. However putting the truth beyond the realm of life discovers Socrates intention to opposing life with philosophy. By denying life， Socrates moving toward the truth means that he denies the responsibility of his existence. Our research begins with these topics which are designed to reflect how the Western philosophy faces the relationship between death and life. We also address how L�vinas resolves the opposition between body and death by linking life and transcendence.