我國申請登錄世界遺產之文化資產保存法律分析──以金門為探討中心

Legal Analysis of Taiwan’s Application for UNESCO World Heritage List for Cultural Heritage Preservation—A Case Study of the Kinmen Area

本文茲就兩個層次進行研究，一為保護世界文化及自然遺產公約於我國的落實，二為針對臺灣世界遺產潛力點之一的金門，在申請登錄過程中，應如何建構或改善相關法制，提出建議。就前者而言，首先探討在現況對於推動世界遺產的法規付之闕如，且我國並非上述公約締約國的情況下，如何將之轉化成具有拘束力的國內法，將涉及超國界的法律議題。其次，在立法模式的選擇上，亦關乎立法技術的操作及效益評估。最後本文對於應如何將推動世界遺產的細部配套措施予以明文化，提出建議方案。就後者而言，因金門縣政府近年來積極投入人力物力，推動世界遺產申請之工作，亦有不少國內外學者看好金門為我國最有可能獲得登錄的潛力點，故本文選擇以金門做為研究對象，以金門特有的文化資產風貌和法律體系做為中心，研究金門目前在文化資產保存方面的各種法律層面問題及改善之道。

The research for this study was conducted in two parts. The first part investigates the extent of implementation of the Convention concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage in Taiwan. The second part focuses on Kinmen—one of Taiwan’s potential sites qualified to be included on the World Heritage List. During preparation of the application some suggestions are provided on how to construct and improve relevant legal systems. Unfortunately, to date few relevant legal policies and laws applicable to the World Heritage application are made appropriately. Also, based on the realistic status that Taiwan is not a party to the UN, certain supranational legal issues must be raised and this means getting involved with efforts to try to turn those related legal policies into an obligatorily domestic law. Moreover, under the choices of the legislative models, this work will also involve the current operation of legislative techniques, and the effectiveness evaluation. Lastly, this paper provides some suggestions on how to legislate those detailed supporting measures. For the latter, many domestic and foreign scholars are optimistic about the possibility that Kinmen may be the best potential site in Taiwan for nomination for World Heritage status. For this reason, Kinmen was taken as the research objective of this study. Consequently, this study focuses on features in Kinmen’s distinctive cultural assets and the legal system to examine all kinds of legal issues at different levels, and further provide informed suggestions.