「國立臺灣博物館」火災風險分析及應變管理對策

National Taiwan Museum, Fire Safety Assessment and Response Measures

「國立臺灣博物館」興建於1915年，為日本殖民政府在臺灣興築之公共建設中代表性傑作之一，其建築形態仿文藝復興時期優美的古典雕塑工藝，中央大廳為博物館最具特色所在，挑高近30公尺圓頂塔與彩繪玻璃天窗，呈現典雅華麗的空間氛圍，為近代難得的古蹟建築瑰寶，亦是臺灣歷史最悠久的博物館。 因博物館現代化設備的使用需求及使用強度的提昇，古蹟既存的建築條件與防火措施，已難以負載火災風險可能造成的災害，均對古蹟文化資產與人員安全潛存火災災害威脅。 臺灣正值古蹟防火安全與古蹟整體性保存平衡機制的推展階段，以跳脫建築法與消防法對古蹟文化資產保存之衝突。此個案以火災風險分析與鑑識文化資產價值的防護目標，對古蹟博物館的消防改善策略具代表性與示範性價值。

The National Taiwan Museum, built in 1915, is the oldest museum in Taiwan. The museum is a western style building with beautiful Renaissance-like features. The most precious artifacts in this museum are the stained glass windows 30m above the high ceiling lobby, which serve as the focal point of the architecture and generates an elegant atmosphere. As the modern installations increases within the museum, it is difficult for the building’s existing certifications to withstand the potential disaster risk factors resulting from the environment and its interior installations. In order to preserve this important historic building, a disaster response plan based the building’s existing fire safety protection is needed. Taiwan is currently striving to balance regulations on fire safety and the objectives of heritage preservation and to decrease the traditional conflicts between these two needs. The response plan formulated from evaluating the museum’s heritage value, determining what need to be protected, and analyzing of the museum’s potential fire risks in this case study can serve as exemplary strategies to improve the safety level for other heritages in Taiwan.