文化多樣性在台灣文化資產的體現

The Embodiment of Cultural Diversification on Taiwan’s Cultural Heritages

「文化多樣性是人類的共同遺產」是2001年的《全球文化多樣性宣言》開宗明義所指出的基本觀念。台灣是一個地處西太平洋，靠近中國東南沿海的國家，北邊是日本、西邊是中國、南邊是菲律賓，也因為如此特殊的地理條件，台灣自古以來一直具有海上戰略位置的重要性。台灣的歷史獨特性在過去400年來，已造就了多元的民族、文化和語言。這些精彩且多樣性的地理特徵反映在：高山、丘陵、高原、平原、盆地和海岸線，並且展現了台灣動植物繁茂的獨特多樣性。因此，現在的台灣享有高評價的生物多樣性和文化多樣性。從2002年開始，行政院文化建設委員會便邀集了國外專家、地方政府官員以及各地的文史工作團體，一同針對台灣具有世界遺產潛力的場所提供建議。因此，本研究試圖整理台灣一些具有文化多樣性的實踐來探討台灣申遺之路及文化資產保存之道。

“Cultural diversity is the common heritage of humanity,”it was thus proclaimed by the“Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity,”adopted as one of the basic principles by the General Conference of UNESCO on November 2, 2001. Taiwan’s geographical location, situated as it is in the West Pacific, neighboring the Southeast Asia nations, Japan to its north, Mainland China to its west, the Philippines to its south, is so unique that it was its privilege to always enjoy an important strategic place since ancient times. In the past 400 years, this historical uniqueness of Taiwan has been creating an environment that had cultivated a diversification of everything, including its people, culture and language. This geographical uniqueness is reflected on mountains, hills, plateaus, plains, basins and coastal lines, demonstrating Taiwan’s unique richness and diversification of animals and plants and thus, the high appraisal upon its diversifications both in biology and culture. From 2002 onwards, the Council for Cultural Affairs, the Executive Yuan, began to invite experts from abroad, local government officials and various cultural historical enthusiasts eliciting suggestions on how to choose which site has the potential to qualify as a candidate for the World Heritage List. This paper explores the feasible ways to apply for the World Heritage List for Taiwan’s potential sites and the right ways to conserve our cultural heritages, by integrating some current practices that have the characteristics of cultural diversification.