關於猶太浩劫之痛苦過去的「回想」與「遺忘」：歷史現場作為創傷文化遺產的省思

‘Remembrance’and‘Forgetting’of Difficult Pasts - Holocaust: Reflections on the Issue of Tragic Sites as Traumatic Cultural Heritage

本研究意圖提出曾經發生過猶太浩劫這樣令人感到傷痛的悲劇事件之紀念場所，將發生於歐洲的悲劇歷史現場提出分析與討論，將事發現場的「真實可信」的場所以及未與事發現場有直接的或地理上之關連性「中立」的場所，進行在悲劇事件與場所、哀悼與紀念、歷史與詮釋等議題上提出討論，並架構在國際上認定的文化遺產的內涵與觀念上，針對波蘭、德國、奧地利等猶太浩劫紀念場所作為悲劇文化遺產面臨的現實狀態，以及未來將持續面臨到的，諸如創傷文化遺產所呈現的歷史真實、紀念的目的、紀念的對象、以及文化遺產與社區之間的連結關係，皆是此研究所探討的觀點，當中的省思提供了與悲劇事件緊緊相繫的文化遺產中含括的空間與觀者之間詮釋與理解的思考方向。

This research raises discussions and analysis concerning sites related to the Holocaust in Europe–sites with a devastating and hurtful past–and introduces places associated with atrocities as“authentic sites”. These are compared with sites without a tragic history as“neutral sites”. Taken together it investigates issues related to commemoration, history and interpretation. It includes a description of the current situation faced by cultural heritage at monumental sites in Germany, Poland and Austria and the concept of sustainability of internationally-recognized cultural heritage is also discussed. This research emphasizes the reality of history, the purpose of commemoration, and the relationship between cultural heritage and communities.