以數位思考方式詮釋臺灣傳統大木司阜設計思維

Computational Consideration as Basic Historial Materials to Interpret Taiwan Traditional Architecture

本文試圖以台灣傳統木構造建築之丈篙為例，提出一種運用三維雷射掃瞄之空間資訊作為詮釋台灣傳統建築基礎史料之可行性探討。丈篙包括大木構架的分縫、落屐及分水三者幾何算學關係，因此建構丈篙知識必須依賴妥適的研究方法。本文嘗試以現有大木司阜凵述史料來解析記錄其丈篙技術，建立穿鬬式架扇與疊斗式架棟之落篙步驟，並依此建立丈篙法則。接著，使用三維雷射掃瞄技術掃瞄大木構架之研究樣本獲取其空間資訊，並將前述丈篙法則透過AutoLISP及AutoCAD方式製作現存大木構架之數位丈篙。運用空間資訊結合人文技藝乃成為一種可行的方式，也開拓了詮釋台灣傳統木構造建築在不同領域上的另一種可能。後續研究依此透過數位丈篙與大木構架之間比對解析，即可試圖理解落篙司阜在營建傳統大木構架的配定思維。

This paper focuses on the Taiwanese Han-style traditional buildings’“Tng-ko”technique which introduces the feasibility of digital scanning as a means of documentation. Tng-ko is a tailor-made wooden ruler with one-to-one scale measurements of heights for important wooden components designed specially for a Han-style traditional building. Firstly, this study attempts to use a data calculation method and interviews master carpenters to appreciate the Tng-ko technique. Secondly, by using 3D laser scanning technology on selected cases to build up a complete 3D digital space information, together with the master carpenter’s concept of planning a building, the Tng-ko that have been already lost are retro-engineered. The success of using 3D laser scanning techniques to produce the digital Tng-ko opens up an alternative approach in the field of studying architectural history and the techniques then become a possibility for interpreting the traditional wooden architecture in the future.