日中同形詞多義展開圖建構之試案

A Tentative Polysemic Network of Japanese-Chinese Homonym: A Case Study of Expressions Related to Plants

本文主要透過＜苗＞＜節＞＜根＞＜土＞＜木＞＜材＞＜線＞等日中同形詞的植物表現，嘗試建構共時性多義展開圖之方法論。共時性多義展開圖之描述，首先應有明確的基準按序提出1）核心義之設定、2）意義之認定、3）意義關係之明示。本文針對於第1項，主要運用認知語言學上的典型理論。第2項則檢討國廣（2006），確立多義詞之衍生主要在於隱喻、換喻與提喻三種比喻理論。第3項意義關係之探討，涉及隱喻、換喻與提喻之下位分類等複雜問題，雖於文中描述，但仍未盡詳，有待今後的補正。在此三基準下，雖不完整，但綜觀過程之描述，初步所獲結論之日中同形詞共時性多義展開圖之輪廓已大致浮現。

This study investigates the methodology of polysemic network, through the examples specifically from the expressions related to plants in Japanese-Chinese homonym, such as seedling ＜苗＞, node ＜節＞, root ＜根＞, soil ＜土＞, wood ＜木＞, timber＜材＞ and thread ＜線＞.When it comes to describing polysemic network, it is necessary to present the following three criteria, ”the specification of core meaning,” ”the recognition of meaning” and ”the relationship of core meaning and taxonomy.” In cognitive linguistics, the specification of core meaning has been widely discussed from prototype. Besides, the recognition of meaning is chiefly investigated from various perspectives, such as metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche (Kunihiro 2006). However, the relationship of core meaning and taxonomy is a remaining issue that is significant but not wildly explored yet. Therefore, this study tentatively investigates the relationship of core meaning and taxonomy.