從非言語行動的觀點探討日本人的自我抑制的「微笑」──以芥川龍之介的「手巾」與小泉八雲的「日本人的微笑」為例

A Non Verbal behavior Study for Self-Control the Sadness Through ''Smiling'' by Japanese: An Example for Comparing to the Essay of Akutagawa Ryunosuke's ''Handkerchief'' and Lafcadio Hearn's ''Japanese Smile''

本文嘗試以需要取得他人理解的日本人的非言語行動中，針對自我克制的「微笑」的做研究。以培養學習者對日本文化的多面觀察能力為目的。研究方法是以芥川龍之介的「手巾」與小泉八雲的「日本人的微笑」為例，從作文課的感想文中，讓學習者探討感傷的的理解度。其次，將這些感想與自國文化相比，從其文化面、社會層面背景的差別，確認出微笑的涵義亦有差異點。最後，經由學習者的自我解釋與日本人的一般論述相比較，將其差異點明確化。

This paper tries to study one of the kinds of smiling for Japanese to express their sadness, in order to take wide views for learning Japanese culture.The study process is at first, let the learners wrote their impression after reading the two stories in the composition practice lesson. Second, summarize the data of all composition and let the learners recognize the difference of ”smiling” between the two different culture and social background.Finally, through comparing the learner's summary with Japanese generalization, and get to a clear difference for Japanese ”Smiling”.