從日本語教育之立場以異文化理解之觀點探討「世間体（sekentei）」──以『阿Q正傳』與『阿部一族』為例

A Study of Cross-culture Understanding as Japanese Language Education through ''Sekentei'': A Case Study of a Short Story about the ''Mianzi'' of 'A ''Q'' Zheng Zhuan (The True Story of Ah Q)' and the ''Menboku'' of 'Abe Ichizoku'

本文以在台灣之日本教育的立場，嘗試為提昇學習者對異國文化溝通能力所作之異文化研究。在此以從魯訊之「阿Q正傳」與森鷗外之「阿部一族」的兩本小說中尋找有關「面子」與「面目」之描述，從「世間体（sekentei）」之層面做探討。依此結論出中國人的溝通樣式3種以及日本人的溝通樣式2種，合計5種的樣式。「世間体（sekentei）」是指具不同文化背景的人門在其所面對的社會中，對自己的「體面」「門面」的介意程度。對中國人而言，「世間（seken）」是指圍繞著自己身邊的家族、親戚、同族、親友等的可依賴的「內部社會」，但對日本人而言「世間（seken）」是自己所屬集團的外部社會。研究結果雖未論及至現代的台灣人與日本人的溝通樣式，但日本語學習者在和日本人行異文化接觸而產生落差時，應可利用學習的「知識」方策加以利用。

This paper aims to enhance communication ability from Japanese language education sight for learning cross-culture understanding. It tries to study the ”Mianzi” and ”Menboku” from the side of ”Sekentei (decency)” use the two story of ”The True Story of Ah Q” and ”The Abe Ichizoku”.The results in all show 5 points for the communication style between Chinese and Japanese. 3 points are fit the case for Chinese and 2 points are for Japanese.In this case ”Sekentei (decency)” means to keep up appearance on one self's mind. For Chinese, it exists in the ”inside social” surround one self with family, relatives, an affiliated concerns and close friends. However, for Japanese, ”Sekentei (decency)” exists in the ”outside social”.Although the results haven't yet mentioned the communication style of the modem Taiwanese and Japanese, but it revels if there is any gap occurred between the two sides, a knowledge strategy for ”Sekentei (decency)” would be useful.