棗新品種‘台農13號－雪麗’特性之研究

Study on the Traits of ‘Tainung No.13- Shirley’ Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.)

棗是台灣冬季特色水果之一，隨氣候變遷影響其開花結果，目前栽種品種多中晚熟，致產期集中。為調節棗產期、品質與耐貯性，農業試驗所鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所於2006年以‘雪蜜’為母本，以開放授粉方式進行雜交選種，歷經13年育種程序之各級試驗，育成新品種‘台農13號－雪麗’，並於2019年10月16日取得植物品種權（品種權字第A02509號）。該品種果型扁圓，果肉細緻、多汁、甜中帶酸、澀度低、風味佳，花後105－115天開始成熟，適合採收時期長，果皮表面具臘質、光亮、無褐斑，平均果重135－145g；果實較不會因高溫導致黃熟過快，成熟果實異味少，產量穩定，可望成為產業優質潛力早生品種新選擇。

Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) is one of Taiwan's featured fruits in winter. The harvest is susceptible to drastic climate change, which leads to relatively few cultivars and concentrated pro duction. In order to adjust the fruiting season, the quality and the storability of the planting materials, Fengshan Tropical Horticultural Experiment Branch(TARI) used 'Xue Mi ' variety as the female parent and conducted the open pollination method for selection in 2006. After 13- years of constant trials, the new cultivar 'Tainung No. 13- Shirley '(certificate number :A02509) yielded the juicy flesh and sweetness flavor. The characteristics of this new cultivar featured fast growing, early ripening(105 -115 days after finishing blooming) and long harvest period, as well as the bright peel without brown spots. In addition, the average fruit weight was 135-145g. In conclusion, in spite of the high temperature, the fast ripening of the fruit scarcely took place, and with less odor and more stable yield, this new cultivar is to be expected to become a potential variety in the future.