臺灣咖啡產業的發展歷程

The Developmental History of Taiwan Coffee Industry

本文由臺灣咖啡之引入及早期之傳播開始，再敘述其栽培與發展之歷程，然後收集整個產業鏈相關之文獻與資料，加以說明與評論。前清與日據時期希望臺灣咖啡能成為茶與糖之外另一個外銷重要產業，但由日據時期的統計資料顯示，當時咖啡的生產並未成功，也不如文獻記載的輝煌。臺灣光復後，在民國40-50年代間，亦延續以往之想法，但終不敵國際之競爭壓力，最終幾乎銷聲匿跡。1990年代起，咖啡之內需引發種植潮，加上特有之咖啡文化，反而創造輝煌的咖啡產業。但此種產業模式，對一級產業的幫助不如預期。可能必須在強化臺灣咖啡文化之特質，結合休閒農業發展地方特色咖啡，利用咖啡評鑑與研發等手段，以建立臺灣在全球咖啡的形象地位。

This review is about how coffee industry was introduced into Taiwan in the early years and its development till today. During the period of late Qing dynasty and Japan colonization, tea and sugar were the successful export industries in Taiwan, but both Qing dynasty and Japan hoped that coffee could be the next profitable crop. However, according to historical statistical data, coffee industry did not become successful. After Japan colonization period, Taiwan had tried to produce coffee during 1950-1960s, but the result was still not successful due to high production cost which made them less competitive than the other coffee exporting countries. After 1900s, the sharp increase of domestic coffee consumption, toget her with unique Taiwan coffee cultures, led to not only coffee tree planting fever but also a magnificent coffee industry. Nonetheless, this coffee industry style did not greatly benefit the production of coffee as expected. This article has made suggestions as how to improve this situation, but further discussions on this subject is needed.