森林療育活動對心理舒壓效益之研究──以雲林石壁木馬森林步道

The Study on Psychological Effect of Forest Therapy - A Case of MuMa Forest Trail on Shi-Bi, Yun-Lin

森林空氣中含有負離子及芬多精，對人體有多項益處。本研究探討森林療育對於心理效益之關係，並且參考日本及台灣目前操作模式，經實際測量濃度雲林縣古坑鄉石壁之木馬森林古道，特別引用心理學研究重要的評估方式──盤斯（POMS）心情量表，選用「情緒狀態量表」及「社會再適應量表」作為研究工具，採用實驗法之單一組別前後測於受試者進入森林活動前後進行施測，並以成對樣本t檢定比較其差異變化，瞭解身處受測者是否會因處於森林環境及適當的操作模式，會使情緒變得正向，並且有放鬆及舒壓的益處。本研究所得結論如下所示：1. 在全體受測者進行森林療育前測及後測之盤斯心情量表中心情評價（困惑、活力、疲勞、憤怒、緊張、沮喪）皆有顯著差異。因此森林療育對於多數心理指標有不同的影響作用。因此研究結果支持研究假設H1達成部分成立。森林療育有助於紓解壓力，使負面情緒降低，並增加正向情緒。2. 對高、中、低壓力三個族群實施森林療育以盤斯心情量表進行心情評價，在高壓力族群中之心情評價（困惑、活力、疲勞、憤怒、沮喪）五個構面達顯著差異；在中壓力族群中之心情評價（困惑、活力、疲勞、憤怒、自尊、緊張）六個構面達顯著差異；而低壓力族群中之心情評價（困惑、活力、疲勞、憤怒、緊張）五個構面達顯著差異。顯示不同壓力程度者對部分心裡指標有不同的影響作用。因此研究分析結果支持研究假設H2達部分成立，三種壓力程度者在森林療育後皆有正向情緒提升的作用。3. 在受測者背景屬性變相對於盤斯心情量表各構面影響的結果顯示，在性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、職業、過去半年到訪森林次數與心情評價中的七個構面指標皆未達顯著。此分析結果無法支持研究假設，故H3不成立。

Forest air contains negative ions, which have many benefits for the human body. This study explores the relationship between forest therapy and human psychological benefits, and refers to the current mode of operation in Japan and Taiwan, after the actual measurement of the concentration of Yunlin County ancient pit town stone wall Trojan forest ancient road, in particular, citing psychological research important assessment method - Pons (POMS) mood gauge, using the ''Profile of Mood State'' and ''Social Readjustment Rating Scale'' as research tools, the subjects were measured before and after entering forest activities using a single group of experimental methods, the difference changes were compared with pairs of sample t-tests to see if the subjects would become positive and have the benefits of relaxation and relief due to their forest environment and appropriate operating patterns. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. There were significant differences in mood evaluation (confusion, vitality, fatigue, anger, tension, depression) in the pre-forest and post-test pans mood measurement table of all subjects. Therefore, forest therapy has different effects on most psychological indicators. The results therefore support the study's assumption that H1 is partially established. Forest therapy helps relieve stress, reduce negative emotions, and increase positive emotions. 2. The three ethnic groups of high, medium and low pressure to carry out forest therapy to Pans mood scale for mood evaluation, in the high-stress groups of mood evaluation (confusion, vitality, fatigue, anger, depression) five structures reached significant differences; There were significant differences in mood evaluation (confusion, vitality, fatigue, anger, self-esteem, tension) among the middle stress groups, while there were significant differences in mood evaluation (confusion, vitality, fatigue, anger, tension) in the low-stress groups. Show that people with different degrees of stress have different effects on some of the heart indicators. Therefore, the results of the study support the study to assume that H2 is partially established, and that all three stressors have a positive emotional effect after forest therapy. 3. The results of the influence of background attribute change relative to the various components of the Pans mood scale showed that the seven structural indicators in sex, age, marital status, education level, occupation, number of visits to forests in the past six months and mood evaluation were not significant. This analysis does not support the study hypothesis, so H3 is not true.