國小學童同理心與霸凌旁觀者行為傾向之關係：以道德疏離為中介變項

Moral Disengagement as a Mediator between the Relationships of Empathy and Bystander Behaviors in Elementary Students

本研究旨在探討同理心、道德疏離與三種霸凌旁觀者（捍衛者、局外者、助凌者）行為傾向間之關係，以國小四～六年級學童為研究對象。研究結果顯示：（1）同理心與捍衛者行為傾向呈正相關，與局外者及助凌者行為傾向呈負相關；道德疏離與捍衛者行為傾向呈負相關，與局外者及助凌者行為傾向呈正相關。（2）在中介效果檢驗部分：道德疏離對同理心和旁觀者行為傾向之中介效果顯著。最後針對研究結果，提出對於校園霸凌防制的建議。

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between empathy, moral disengagement and the behavioral tendencies of bystanders (i.e., defenders, outsiders, pro-bullies). The participants were elementary students in 4th, 5th and 6th grade. The findings were as follows: First, defenders' behaviors were positively correlated with their empathy, and were negatively correlated with their moral disengagement. Behaviors of outsiders and pro-bullies were negatively correlated with their levels of empathy, and were positively correlated with their moral disengagement. Second, moral disengagement plays the mediating role in the assocaitons of empathy and behavioral tendencies of bystanders. Finally, the prevention of bullying at campus was suggested based on the research results.