青少年家庭功能、自我堅毅力與心理健康之關係研究

The Correlation Study of Family Functioning, Resilience and Mental Well-being with Youth

"青少年的精神健康問題近年來受到重大關注，世界衛生組織（World Health Organization [WHO], 2018a）官方網站的資料顯示全球有10－20％的兒童和青少年受精神健康問題影響。青少年在成長路上必然遇上不同的挑戰與困惑，他們必須學習克服前進道路上的種種困難，才能在學習、工作與生活勇往直前。近年研究指出青少年的心理健康和他（她）犯罪、自殺及破壞性行為有關。因此，青少年的心理健康備受社會大眾關注。本研究的調查對象為12－18歲族群，探討臺灣新北市青少年的身心健康狀況，以自我報告（self-report）的方式填寫問卷，項目包括受訪者的基本資料、生活現況、生活困擾問題、抑鬱－焦慮－壓力量表（DASS-21）、家庭功能（C-FAI）和自我堅毅力（ERS）。本文針對臺灣樣本分析，新北市共發出1,200份問卷，回收1,010份，有效問卷1,009份，有效回收率84.1％。研究發現，母親的教養態度和支持對青少年心理健康有顯著關係，家庭關係溝通和支持也影響青少年的自我堅毅力建立和克服生活和學校生活挑戰，作為政府與少年實務工作人員制定社會福利政策、提供預防與輔導之參考依據。"

The study examined the life situation of adolescents and explored the correlation between family functioning, self-resilience, and mental well-bing of adolescents. A total of 1012 adolescents aged 12 to 18 from New Taipei City, Taiwan responded to the self-report survey questionnaires which included three major evaluation scales like the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) to measure the emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress, and the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument family function evaluation scale (C-FAI) and The Essential Resilience Scale (ERS). Using the correlation coefficient statistics method, the research results found that peer pressure and school academic performance are two major factors of adolescent's mental pressure and anxiety. More importantly, mother's attitude toward their children in terms of parenting skill and communication affects the adolescent's emotional well-being significantly. For the development of the adolescent's self-resilience, the positive communication relationship and support provided by the family members are significant. The self-resilience also relates to adolescent's coping with the challenges of everyday life and school life.