「公有文化資產」概念的範圍與界限

The Scope and Boundaries of the Concept of ''Public Cultural Heritages''

《文化資產保存法》所稱「公有文化資產」，包含國家、地方自治團體、其他公法人及公營事業所有之文化資產；基此，「公有文化資產」的所有人或管理機關（構）應編列預算，以辦理保存、修復及管理維護。但是，已登記為「公司」的「公營事業」，其性質應該屬於「私法人」，茲與「公有文化資產」概念似乎相互牴觸。就此，本文檢討我國法制中的「私有」與「公有」分際，予以釐清，並提出修法建議。

The ''Public Cultural Heritage'' under the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act represent cultural heritage owned either by the state, local autonomy bodies, other public legal entities or government-owned enterprises. Therefore, owners or managing agencies (institutions) of public cultural heritage are responsible for budgeting for the preservation, restoration, management and conservation of such cultural heritage. However, a government-owned enterprise that has been registered as a ''Company'' is in fact a ''Private Legal Entity'', and thus it may be incompatible with the concept of ''Public Cultural Heritage''. In this regard, this article reviews the distinction between ''private'' and ''public'' domains in Taiwan's legal system, clarifies them, and proposes possible amendments to the Act.