立體掃描在文物保存研究之應用初探

The study on the applicability of 3D scanning technology used for the research of cultural heritage preservation.

本研究主要探討不同掃描原理之商用3D掃描儀對於文物表面紋路的記錄能力，研究方式是透過電腦數值控制工具機（CNC）在代木（epoxy tooling board）上刻劃出線狀溝槽加工模擬文物表面的細紋或刻痕，線狀溝槽的寬度為1mm-5mm；深度為1mm-6mm。本研究選用的掃描儀包含地載光達雷射掃描1臺、紅外線光柵掃描儀1臺、雷射掃描儀2臺、白光光柵掃描儀2臺共6臺掃描儀，進行3D掃描儀掃描能力之檢測。由檢測結果可知，各3D掃描儀在試片外部輪廓尺寸量測方面差異性較小，但對於溝槽的深度和邊緣交角則有部分儀器無法獲得較佳的結果，且隨著深度的增加誤差也有增大的趨勢。本測試結果將可提供文化資產保存工作人員在規劃以3D掃描紀錄文化資產形貌的參考。

The object of this study is to evaluate the applicability of 3D scanners for documenting fine surface details on museum objects under conservation. Two test specimens made of epoxy tooling board incised with 15 fine linear slots were used for an evaluation experiment. The width and depth of the slots were from 1 mm to 5 mm and from 1 mm to 6 mm, respectively. Six 3D scanners evaluated in this study: one terrestrial LiDAR system, one IR structured light scanner, two laser scanners and two white structured light scanners. According to the experiment results, the lengths of incised slots as determined by the six different 3D scanners were accurate. However, the measured depths of the slots on the two specimens were inexact. It is expected that the results of this study will be helpful for conservators to plan and perform 3D scanning projects on cultural heritage objects.