都會近郊有機蔬菜輪作生產體系效益評估

Benefit evaluation of crop-rotation system of organic vegetable production in suburban area

本計畫旨在建立有機蔬菜輪作生產體系，供應都會市場穩定生產多樣化之有機蔬菜，以提升北部都會近郊有機農場生產之效益。在103至104年兩年期計畫中，建立三套以生產短期葉菜為主及產期互補之設施輪作生產體系，以及篩選露地環境耐受性強之中長期蔬菜，輔助設施生產且減少生產人力消耗。在設施輪作體系之結果顯示，第1年示範區之穩定性較對照區高出5.9%，多樣性多6.4%，產值提升28%。同時搭配大穴格及大苗齡壯苗穴盤育苗技術，提升設施有機葉菜栽培效率5-10%。為增加市場消費量高之十字花科蔬菜供應，第2年運用第1年成果及輪作降低病蟲害威脅之效果，增加設施輪作生產體系中栽培十字花科蔬菜之次數。104年設施輪作生產體系經微調後，示範區產值較對照區高76%，顯示設施輪作生產體系之效益提升。露地輪作生產體系在103年篩選出絲瓜、秋葵、茄子及胡蘿蔔等耐受性佳且中長期作物後，104年擴充中長期連續採收型果菜品項，提升露地生產效益。結果顯示，露地示範區之產值為對照區之2.48倍，且增加有機農場生產多樣性。都會近郊有機農場除具有鄰近消費市場的優勢，亦方便消費者不定期檢視其栽培過程產生信賴感。由此計畫之結果，利用有機蔬菜輪作生產體系，可發揮設施及露地環境資源相互搭配之效益，提升農場生產效益，穩定及多樣化供應都會所需，有利於促進地產地消及未來社區支持型農業之發展。

The purpose of this study was constructing crop-rotation system of organic vegetable productionto supply diverse organic vegetable to urban market stably and elevate benefit of organic farm in suburban area.In two year (2014 -2015) project, we designed three crop-rotation models and verified in high-tunnel to mainly produce short-term leafy vegetable. Consideringlabor-saving andsupport of high-tunnel production, we also selected long-term and tolerantvegetables and applied to crop-rotation system at non-house area. In result, the stability and diversity of vegetable supplyof demonstration area were 5.9% and 6.4% higher than check, respectively. The profit was elevated 28% in 2014. Furthermore, we elevated 5-10% efficiency of culturing organic leafy vegetable in high tunnel by applying vigorousseedling with more leaf in bigger plug. In second year, we applied achievementsof first year and effect of crop-rotation on decreasing threaten from seasonal insect pest and disease for increasing productionof Brassicaceae-vegetable which is popular with consumers. Through modification of crop-rotation system of high-tunnel, profit of demonstration area was higher than check and elevated 76%. In addition, we selected long-term and tolerantvegetables such as sponge cucumber, okra, egg plant and carrot at first year and increased kinds of fruity vegetable to completeall the year roundcrop-rotation for non-house area. Theresult showed profit of demonstration area was more than check about 2.48 times and increased diversity of organic vegetable supply.The advantage of producing organic vegetable in suburban is not only beneficial for producerto sale product, but also convenient for consumer to exam the production and interact with farmers. Through crop-rotation system of organic vegetable productionverified in this project, we coordinated production of high-tunnel and non-house area and resulted in all the year round stable and diverse organic vegetable productionfor consumer in urban. In future, this crop-rotation system of organic vegetable production in suburban areawould be important factor to construction of local production for local consumptionand community supported agriculture.