人類增強與衰弱：董啟章《後人間喜劇》與陳楸帆《荒潮》中的人類與人工智能倫理

Human Enhancement and Weakness: The Ethics of Humanity and Artificial Intelligence in The Posthuman Comedy and Waste Tide

如今科幻文學關注的不僅僅是人類依靠科技讓能力增強，在科技進步的同時，人類也因為科技的發展在環境、權利意識上逐漸衰弱。本文將以華文科幻小說：董啟章的《後人間喜劇》和陳楸帆的《荒潮》中對於人工智慧、生化人、賽博格、異種移植的描寫，分析與人類在一個失去世界中心的後人類時代，將要如何面對失去地位的失落。人類必須意識到，在以能力強弱為基準的語境裡，人已然失去主導地位。本文將揭示人類要共同面對的汙染、疫病以及人權被剝削的未來：科技存在的目的是要造福當下的人類，但在商業環境中科技也是資本取得利益所操作的板塊之一，這樣的背景下人類不僅僅是科技的使用者，也是受害者。

Nowadays, science fiction literature is not only concerned with the empowerment of human beings through technology, but also with the weakening of human beings' awareness of the environment and their rights as a result of technological advances. In this article, we will use the depiction of artificial intelligence, cyborgs, and xenotransplantation in the Chinese science fiction novels: Dong Qizhang's Posthuman Comedy and Chen Tulufan's Waste Tide to analyze how humans will face the loss of status in a posthuman era where the center of the world has been lost. Humanity must realize that it has lost its dominant position in a context based on its capabilities. This paper will reveal the future of pollution, epidemics, and the exploitation of human rights that humanity will have to face together. Technology exists to benefit humanity today, but in a commercial environment it is also one of the sectors in which capital operates for profit, and in this context humanity is not only a user of technology but also a victim.