社會資本與公民意識：世代差異的比較

Social Capital and Public Citizenship: Comparing Generation Differences

本研究從網絡途徑社會資本理論的觀點出發，討論社會資本與公民意識的關連性，並兼論世代之間的差異，非但與西方 Putnam 團體格局的社會資本論述有差距，也有助於理解華人社會意涵下，社會資本對公民意識的影響。本研究發現：（1）個人社會資本對公民意識有正向顯著影響；（2）第一世代的社會資本與公民意識相較於其他世代低；（3）第四世代公民意識普遍較高，但在高社會資本的狀況下，第一代民眾在公民意識提升較為明顯。本研究為公民意識的形塑與發展，提供一個與 Putnam 不同的解釋基礎，期望能為臺灣社會公民意識的發展提供新的研究與思維方向。

The present research aims to explore the relationship between individual social capital and citizenship and also the difference between different political generations. This research reveals how social capital differs between western and eastern societies, and also helps to understand the impact of social capital on citizenship in Chinese society. The findings show that: (1) individual social capital has a significantly positive impact on public citizenship; (2) the social capital and citizenship of the first generation are lower than that of other generations; (3) the fourth generation pervasively has a higher level of citizenship, yet under the condition of high social capital, the citizenship of the first generation is on a higher level. This research demonstrates a distinct interpretation based on a personal network perspective of social capital different from Putnam’s, on the formation and development of citizenship. Hopefully, the research can help build a new direction for research ideas in the development of public citizenship in Taiwan.