考量公路駕駛人行為之平交道失誤樹構建

DEVELOPMENT OF THE FAULT TREE FOR LEVEL CROSSING CRASHES BY ACCOUNTING FOR HIGHWAY USERS' BEHAVIORS

平交道安全績效改善一直是臺灣鐵路管理局持續努力的方向，相關做法早期多從鐵路側防護設備功能精進著手，近期則是從公路側駕駛人的行為模式加以探索，以找出如何有效遏止公路駕駛人違規闖越之方法。本研究首先回顧駕駛人通過平交道之行為模式，同時參考過去以鐵路側為主的平交道事故失誤樹之相關成果，研析並綜整公路駕駛人行為模式之後，據以構建完整的平交道交通事故失誤樹模型。依據本研究研擬之失誤樹成果，可以有效確認危害平交道在公路側方面的主因，同時相關研究成果亦可提供平交道主管機關未來擬定相關改善策略與行動方案之參考。

Improving the safety of level crossings has always been the direction that Taiwan Railways Administration strives for. In the past, the goal was achieved by improving railway-side protective devices; currently, drivers' behaviors of highway users are studied to discover ways to keep illegal trespassing to be the minimum. This study first reviewed past researches about behavior patterns of highway users and fault tree analysis of railway-side protective devices; then, the study developed an integrated fault tree for level crossing crashes in consideration of highway users' behavior patterns. Based on the proposed fault tree, highway-side primary hazard causes at level crossings can be effectively identified. Besides, this study also proposes corresponding improvement strategies and action plans to improve the safety levels of level crossings.