婦癌患者惡性腹水的緩和治療

Palliation of malignant ascites in patients with gynecologic cancer

腹水乃在腹腔中積有大量的水液，常因淋巴管堵塞後影響腹腔水液的吸收所致。惡性腹水乃指腹膜中癌病灶擴散所引起，通常預後不佳。引起惡性腹水的癌症包括卵巢癌、輸卵管癌、子宮體子宮癌和腹膜癌等。惡性腹水患者會有許多不適症狀，嚴重影響日常生活機能。至今，仍無治癒惡性腹水的方法，治療通常在緩解症狀。常用的方法有重覆腹腔穿刺引流、利尿劑、靜脈或腹腔注射bevacizumab等化療。

Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity due to obstruct lymphatic vessels, leading to impaired fluid drainage from the peritoneal cavity. Malignant ascites is caused by peritoneal carcinomatosis, and is related to a poor prognosis in cancer patients. Gynecologic cancer associated malignant ascites include ovarian, fallopian tube uterine, cervical and peritoneal cancer. Patient suffering from malignant ascites experience a number of burdersome symptoms accopanied with reduced performance status. However, reliably curative therapy has yet to be identified. Therefore the goals of treatment often palliation and relief of suffering. Until recently, therapeutic options were limited to repeated paracentesis, intravenous or intraperitoneal bevacizumab administration, or intraperitoneal chemotherapy.