從觀光客到港妻：臺港跨境婚姻中的親密性與生活方式想像

From Tourist to Marriage Migrant: Intimacy and Lifestyle Imagination in Taiwan-Hong Kong Cross-border Marriages

本研究以定居臺灣的香港女性婚姻移民（通稱「港妻」）為訪談分析對象，探討觀光凝視與浪漫假期如何促使這些香港女性對臺灣懷抱好感，以婚姻移民的方式移居此地後的日常生活又如何改變了她們對臺灣的感受，從中釐清臺港婚姻移民（marriage migration）與生活方式型移民（lifestyle migration）之關連。有鑑於觀光是港妻認識臺灣的主要管道，本研究從受訪者的臺灣凝視出發，分析觀光經驗如何與其尋求個人抱負及理想生活息息相關，如此的凝視又建構了怎樣的地方感受與浪漫愛。受訪港妻普遍指出旅遊時熱愛臺灣的「慢活」，「小確幸」與「人情味」，而對臺灣的好印象也使得她們對臺灣男性有一定的信任與好感。港妻移居後的日常生活經驗則顯示，臺港家庭和居住環境的差異，改變了港妻對婚後臺灣生活及親密關係的浪漫想像。此外，因移民後的日常生活漸漸脫離觀光凝視，「慢活」等觀光時指認的地方特質及好感日漸減退，對「人情味」的感受亦開始變調。這顯示脫離觀光凝視的移居生活影響她們原本對「臺灣」的想像與理解。面對這樣的變化，部分港妻以「在地人」的身分經營社群網站等形式再現觀光凝視中的「臺灣」，部分則強調適應職場與融入夫家的重要性。本研究認為來臺定居的港妻生活可說是不斷地在觀光凝視的解魅（disenchantment）和復魅（reenchantment）之間進行協商的過程。

This essay starts off from the romantic gaze of Hong Kong wives in Taiwan to analyze the connection between Taiwan tourism and their pursuit of personal aspiration and ideal life, as well as the sense of place and romantic love constructed through such gaze. In many instances Hong Kong wives point out that they come to love Taiwan’s “slow living,” “small pleasures,” and “friendliness” when they are traveling in Taiwan, and their fond impression thus also lends them certain amount of trust and positivity towards Taiwanese men. The latter part of this essay then discusses the differences in their feeling towards Taiwan after these women married to Taiwan, turning from “traveling” to “living.” The imagined life shaped by tourism and holiday romance prompts these Hong Kong women to anticipate its realization when they immigrate to Taiwan through transborder marriage. However, after they take residence in Taiwan, the actuality of life nevertheless meets such anticipation with disenchantment. In various interviews, the interviewees invariably note the discrepancy between traveling and living in Taiwan. At the same time, the glamour of “slow living” gradually wears off and the taste of “friendliness” starts to go sour. Facing such a downward spiral, some interviewees emphasize the importance of taking up the challenges of fitting in the workplace and getting along with the inlaws; some start to run blogs, Facebook fan pages, or other forms of cultural and creative jobs, in an attempt to maintain their tourist gaze. By analyzing Hong Kong wives’ experience of marrying to Taiwan, this paper argues that their settlement is marked by the continued negotiation between disenchantment and re-enchantment of their tourist gaze.