台灣兒童青少年心智障礙者社區精神醫療服務現況與需求

Profiles and Perceived Needs for Community Mental Health Services among Children and Adolescents with Mental Disabilities in Taiwan

本研究欲了解國內國小、國中、特教學校與身心障礙福利機構，在社區精神醫療服務的取得現況及需求之情形，針對台北區、北區、中區、南區、高屏澎區、東部與連江金門區等六個區域，進行問卷調查。結果顯示：多數國小與國中有社區精神醫療服務的需求、但目前僅有少數取得，而雖然多數特教學校與身心障礙福利機構，目前有取得社區精神醫療服務、未來仍有高度需求；目前有取得社區精神醫療服務的比例，以南區各單位最多，東部與連江金門區的國中、國小與特教學校最少，對社區精神醫療服務的需求則以東部與連江金門區各單位為多；目前在國小與國中之社區精神醫療服務形式，以個案討論∕諮詢為主，特教學校與身心障礙福利機構，則以個案討論／諮詢與駐診服務為主，以上多數單位對教育訓練／講座與駐診服務之需求高於目前取得。國內兒童青少年心智障礙者，在精神醫療社區精神醫療服務的取得現況與需求間仍有差距，未來需精神醫療專業人員與相關資源介入社區，方能提供足夠精神健康照護。

The current study aimed to investigate the profiles and perception of needs for community mental health services among children and adolescents with mental disabilities from general education schools, special education schools and institutions in Taiwan. Taiwan area was divided into 6 regions, including Taipei region, north region, central region, south region, Kaohsiung-Pingtung-Penghu region, and Hualien-Taitung-Lienchiang-Kinmen region. Results showed that a high proportion of children and adolescents with mental disabilities had unmet needs, even though most of children and adolescents from special education schools and institutions had received community mental health care. In additions, the children and adolescents from south region received the most sufficient community mental health care resources, but Hualien-Taitung-Lienchiang-Kinmen region was the poorest accessibility for mental health care resources. Finally, the most common types of service provided for children and adolescents from general education schools was case conference/counseling, while children and adolescents from special education schools and institutions received case conference/counseling and hospitalist prominently, and most of them didn’t receive enough education training/course and hospitalist. There was a gap between needs and access for community mental health services among children and adolescents with mental disabilities in Taiwan, and sufficient and appropriate service suited to their needs was critical to improve mental health and well-being.