馬祖離島博弈公投之研究

A Study on Gambling Referendum in Matsu Off-Islands

本研究之目的在檢視馬祖離島博弈公投事件，希望從公投後續發展現況瞭解居民對開放觀光博奔業前後的看法及地方政府應有之公共行政。研究架構像以3個檢視平台作為驗證工具，即：（1）以澎湖博非公投為平台檢驗地方自治的展現，（2）以亞洲島嶼型博弈業之發展與行政管理為平台檢驗博弈業在馬祖之前景，（3）以馬祖地區士紳耆老為平台檢驗居民在博弈公投事件前後之認知與態度。研究方法採用：（1）文獻回顧與次級資料分析法，用以檢視中央與地方政府在離島博弈公投事件後之公共行政與檢視離島在開放博弈業過程中之寶貴經驗。及（2）以專家意見調查法之德爾菲法蒐集馬祖地區20位士紳耆老之意見（反覆徵詢匯集共識），以檢視居民在博弈公投前與後的真實心聲。結果顯示：（1）中央政府對地方性公民投票結果（地方迫切需求事務）幾乎沒有實質幫助。（2）參考亞洲島嶼型博弈業地區之經濟現況，馬祖開放博弈業除有助發展觀光業外且具振興經濟的潛力。（3）居民多認為馬祖交通與醫療現況落後，唯一生路是發展觀光，但交通差影響觀光活路，開放博弈雖具爭議性，但仍須為之。

The study purposes are to review the pre- and post- events of gambling referendum in Matsu off-islands, including: a). to know the administrative responses both on central and local governments. b). to find the near future visions about legalized gaming industries. c). to understand the residents' perceptions and attitudes. Data gathered from Delphi method will combine with conclusions of literature review from gaming referendum events. Delphi Method is applied to investigate opinions from 20 Matsu senior citizens (treated as expertises) who live in Matsu for a long time. Questionnaire includes 6 issues about gaming referendum events and island's future development. The findings are as following: a). Taiwan Central Government do understand what local residents' needs lbutdo not have the executive ability and hardly can solve these off-shore island's problems. b). Legalized gaming industry is a good choice to promote tourism in Matsu, effective management is the way to reduce the social and environmental negative impacts. c). Penghu's tourism development experiences hardly can be copied for Matsu. Matsu off-islands have difficult situations on inadequate transportation and poor medical service, developing and integrating local tourism industry is the only survival method. Taiwan Central Government should pay attention to the result of referendum and rigorous make laws and orders of gaming industry administration.