性早熟病童之臨床處置與護理

Management and Nursing Care in Children with Precocious Puberty Disease

隨著社會的富裕，兒童營養攝取充足，甚至有過剩的現象，導致性早熟病童有逐年增加趨勢。性早熟乃指青春期發育異常，即女孩在八足歲前或男孩在九足歲前出現第二性徵。須經由各項檢查以確立診斷，如為中樞性性早熟，可定期注射長效型性腺釋素同族體，抑制第二性徵及減緩骨齡進展，進而改善成長後的身高；若是週邊性性早熟，則應進行相關會診並排除致病因子。由於此症會導致病童外觀改變，且易受同齡孩子嘲笑，進而產生心理衝擊，因此，除了治療疾病及提供相關知識，使成長發育回歸正常軌道外，同時也應給予心理支持，協助病童及家屬正向面對，以減少生活適應問題，使病童擁有健全的身心發展。

Due to an improved nutrition supply, precocious puberty in children is becoming more common.Precocious puberty is noted when children experience puberty ahead of schedule.Docters should be highly suspicious when girls develop secondary sex characteristics before the age of eight and boys before the age of nine.Thorough examinations and tests should be taken to establish the diagnosis and pathophysiology. If the precocity is due to a malignancy, which we address as peripheral precocious puberty, consultation of oncologists, neurologists, and surgeons should be done. If central precocious puberty is the case, treatment witha regular GnRH agonist is required.Early interventions could delay the progress of puberty and increase children’s future height stature.This diseasemight havemajor influences on children’s psychosocial status. They might be mocked at school due to their changes in appearance and might experience emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore, as care takers, we should not only treat the disease but also educate and provide psychosocial support to children and their families.Thuswe should decrease the inconveniences of life and give childrenwith this disease the opportunity to growas a healthy child.