全球流行疫情下的重症加護照護

Intensive Care During a Global Epidemic

隨著新冠肺炎（COVID-19）疫情漫延，除了高死亡率外，全球重症病人於今年來到一個高峰（Alhazzani et al., 2020）。新型嚴重急性呼吸系統症候群是導致COVID-19迅速蔓延的疾病的原因，因此，病人容易出現嚴重急性呼吸系統的問題導致多數染病的病人需要進住加護病房（intensive care unit, ICU），並使用呼吸器或葉克膜（ECMO）治療（Alhazzani et al, 2020）。

The global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly increasing the number of patients who are critically ill with this disease, with the related rate of mortality expected to peak in 2020 (Alhazzani et al., 2020). As severe acute respiratory syndrome is the major cause of mortality after COVID-19 infection, patients with COVID-19 who are prone to severe acute respiratory problems may require mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO; Alhazzani et al., 2020). Ongoing advances in intensive care medicine are continuing to improve survival in critically ill patients (Kaukonen, Bailey, Suzuki, Pilcher, & Bellomo, 2014). However, intensive care unit (ICU) survivors may experience complications and problems related to their disease and treatment such as critical illness polyneuropathy, critical illness myopathy, and post intensive care syndrome (PICS; Alhazzani et al., 2020). Harvey (2012) reported that 85%–95% of ICU patients have ICU-acquired weakness after ICU discharge and 74% of ICU patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome have cognitive impairment after ICU discharge.