成人氣喘病患疾病適應經驗之探討

Exploring the Adaptation Experience of theDisease inAdult Asthmatic Patients

為了解氣喘病患個別及主觀的罹病經驗與因應疾病的過程，本研究採用敘述性質性研究方法，個別深度訪談了中部某教學醫院氣喘特別門診已確立診斷一年以上的14位成人氣喘病患，請研究對象談其氣喘罹病經驗。依據其所陳述的資料以內容分析法加以分析。研究之嚴謹度則重視資料的真實性、可靠性、與可確認性，共歸納得氣喘疾病適應經驗的三項主題即：病識感的形成-來自氣喘反覆發作之經驗，自我照顧行為的發展-來自個人對氣喘由來及發作歸因之體認，設定疾病控制的指標-來自對生活之期待。本研究之結果可幫助護理人員在病患疾病適應過程中做適度的介入，以協助氣喘病患達成良好之疾病控制，並提昇其對整體生活之滿意度，同時也期望能對醫療服務中開發多元性之諮詢管道及建立專業氣喘諮詢角色上有所助益。

The purpose of this study is to explore the life experience of asthma patients and the processthat patients used to cope with their disease. Descriptive qualitative research was used, andin-depth interviews were conducted with 14 adult asthma patients in the asthma-specific clinic ofa medical center in Mid-Taiwan. The transcripts were analyzed using content analysis method.Three themes relevant to disease-coping process were categorized as: the shaping of selfconsciousnessin Asthma - resulting from experiences of recurrent attacks, the development ofself-care behaviors - coming from the individual awareness of causes and attribution of disease,and the personal index of severity of illness – coming from personal expectation of life quality.Results from the study may help nurses formulate their interventions in patients'coping processes.These results can not only improve patients' self-control and life satisfaction, but also help todevelop a diverse consultation service and to build a professional role for asthma counseling.