新生兒乳頭混淆之概念分析

Nipple Confusion of Neonates: A Concept Analysis

乳頭混淆在護理上的意義仍模糊不清，其鑑定性特徵未被清楚的定義，然而，乳頭混淆這個概念已被廣為應用於母乳哺餵的領域，為了促使乳頭混淆的概念更加精煉、清楚，本文依據和所提出的步驟針對「乳頭混淆」進行概念分析，結果發現乳頭混淆的鑑定性特徵包括：一交替使用兩種以上乳頭型式的餵食方式、二哺乳時的嬰兒吸吮型態；三哺乳時的嬰兒吸吮行為。期待藉由釐清乳頭混淆之概念、鑑定性特徵、相關之前因後果及實證工具，促進護理人員對此概念的了解，進而更具體正確的將這些資訊運用在護理領域中。

The meanings of nipple confusion in the nursing field used to be unclear, andthe defining attributes were not well identified, however, this concept was appliedto promote breastfeeding. Physicians recommended postpartum women to avoidusing artificial pacifiers to prevent nipple confusion. This article practiced conceptanalysis based on the steps developed by Walker and Avant in 2004, and gotconclusions. The defining attributes of nipple confusion were recorded as follows:(1)A newborn infant who alternates between the maternal nipple and an artificialone; (2)A newborn infant's sucking pattern during breastfeeding; (3)A newborn infant'ssucking behavior during breastfeeding. The article can help the physicians understandthe concept of nipple confusion, and apply the information to reduce the negativeeffects from nipple confusion.