日據末期（1931－1945）戰爭動員體系中的臺灣士紳－－以815臺灣獨立運動為中心

The Role of Taiwan Elites In The System of War Mobilization At The Ending Period When Japan occupied: A Discussion in The Center of The "815 Taiwan Independence Movement

日本據台末期，為了因應戰爭的準備，事實上已經進入了所謂的「戰爭動員時期」。戰爭動員乃是從事戰爭的政權，為了達到遂行戰爭的目的而由上而下地汲取所需的社會資源，或引導對其有利的社會意識的形成之意。日本從1931年918事變之後，即在台灣從事這種動員的活動。其最高法規便是在1937年所公布的「國家總動員法」，也因此，台灣便被納入日本的戰時體制構造中。然而，在此過程中身為被動主體的台灣籍知識菁英，意即士紳階層，究竟扮演著何種角色？其自1920年代以來逐漸取得的政治及社會上的自主性究竟是成長抑或是消退？乃為本文研究的重點。另外，在1945年大戰結束之後發生的815台獨運動，與一般所理解的台獨思想之萌芽乃以1947年的228事件為其發端的認知有所不同。此事件又涉及了經過日本動員運動的台籍士紳對新政權的看法以及他們那時的政治信仰，此亦為本文研究的重點。

At the ending period when Japan occupied Taiwan, in order to prepare for the war, all the nation actually entered so-called "The Period of War Mobilization" .At this period, the main political power engaging the war, for the sake of carrying out the war, achieved the social resources from top to bottom or attempted to form the social consciousness useful for its own sake. That was what Japan had done in Taiwan since the "918 Emergency" in 1931. Its highest laws then is "The National General Mobilization Law" which announced in 1937 and put Taiwan into the structure of the war. However, during the process, what roles did the elites in Taiwan play? Did the authority those elites gradually got not only socially but politically actually grow or fall down? These two are all the main points of the research. Besides, the "815 Taiwan Independence Movement" after the World War II in 1945 was different from the "228 Event "took place in 1947 which was regarded as the beginning of Taiwan's independence . The event involves the aspects of the elites towards new political power and their political beliefs at that time. These are also the main points of this research.