以車道修復為基礎之多車種大規模災後緊急路網重建模型之研究

A Lane-Repair Based Multi-user Class Emergency Network Reconstruction Model for Large-scale Natural Disasters

大規模災害造成的路網破壞將導致災區緊急運輸的困難。如何在最短的時間及有限的資源下，恢復災區路網的必要機能，將是影響救災及疏散速度的重要因素。因此，對於災害緊急路網重建與設計問題上的研究，實是迫切而不可或缺的。基於實務上操作性的考量，本研究建立以「車道修復」為基礎之多車種緊急路網重建模型，並考量可投入修復人力限制下，分析出一套災後受破壞路網緊急重建的求解機制。本研究屬網路設計問題之範疇，解集合空間為非凸性的非線性混合整數規劃問題，在此以雙層規劃模型、變分不等式、模擬退火法及梯度投影法建立模型並進行求解。由本研究之成果可知，因應災後路網破壞亟待修復的緊急狀況下，確實可求得對應的緊急路網重建策略，並具國軍與救災單位在面臨實務災後路網緊急重建問題時，進行決策支援的應用潛力。

Large-scale natural disasters usually lead to transportation network destruction which causes difficulties for emergency operations. In addition, how to restore the transportation network's basic capability in a timely manner after the occurrence of natural disasters is an urgent issue. Therefore, emergency network rebuilding for natural disasters is a very important research topic. The purpose of this research is to build a multi-user class emergency network reconstruction model under lane-repair based and road repair crew limitation constraints, to help decision makers make timely decisions as a large-scale natural disaster happens. This problem is a network design problem. The problem is difficult to solve because the solution set is non-convex and is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP). The bi-level programming model, variational inequalities, simulated annealing method and gradient projection algorithm are used in this study for model construction and solving the problem. The results of this research are expected to offer important network reconstruction strategies during the demand for emergency operations transportation to government and military agencies and be a reference for related studies.