訂票及退票服務收費之合理性分析

The Rational Value of Ticket Reservation and Refundment Services

預約訂票服務滿足消費者事先規劃行程之需求，本文發現預約訂票服務是一個擁有非負現金流量折現值的買權，因此部分消費者會濫用此服務以獲取利潤，進而讓有實際需求的消費者無法預約車票，同時也造成業者的損失。本文利用事先收取及折抵票價的方法不僅改善業者及消費者間的權利義務不對稱現象，同時也解決消費者間收費不公平問題。此外，對於退票權利的分析，我們發現退票手續費是消費者執行權利所應支付出的違約金，其存在是為了補償業者提供退票服務所帶來之可能損失。最後，本文不僅證明預約訂票服務費用和退票手續費存在之合理性，同時也提供合理費用收取之計算，希冀為業者和消費者帶來雙贏的結果。

Ticket reservation services can help the consumers to plan in advance, in this paper we find that those reserved consumers hold a call on call (CC), which has a nonnegative expected discounted cash flow (EDCF). Therefore, some consumers will misuse the service to earn profits so as to harm the vendors and other consumers. In this paper, we charge the CC price in advance and deduct it from the ticket price if the consumer chooses to buy, and then solve the inequities originated by traditional fare policy. Furthermore, we also show the refundment fee as a penalty to compensate the vendor's loss if the consumer chooses to return the ticket.